Seedbed Characteristics and Seeding Depth Effects on Emergence and Seedling Vigour of Upland Rice     

A. F. M. Ekramul Haque  A. Hamid    M. T. Islam  M. Mohiuddin 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1992,168(1):61-64

Effects of seedbed condition and seeding depth on the emergence and seedling vigour of upland rice was studied. Regardless of aggregate size distribution, seeds sown at 2 cm depth gave the maximum emergence rate (80-90 %) which was reduced to 47 % for sowing at 5 cm depth. Seeding at 10 cm depth caused total failure in emergence. When planted at 2 cm depth, aggregate size produced considerable variation in the speed of emergence but caused no significant differences in final emergence count. For seeds sown at 5 cm depth, seedbed with aggregate size < 2 mm resulted in poor emergence (12 %) while with aggregates > 8 mm reduced emergence by 34 % compared with balanced proportion of larger, moderate and smaller aggregates. Neither the seedbed condition nor seeding depth caused significant variation in seedling height or seedling dry weight.  相似文献   

Congenital meningocele-encephalocele in an experimental swine herd     

D W Vogt  M R Ellersieck  W E Deutsch  B Akremi  M N Islam 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(1):188-191

Fourteen instances of meningocele-encephalocele in an experimental herd were recorded over a 5-year period. Thirteen of these affected animals were subjected to extensive pedigree analyses. Familial associations were strong, and clearly the meningocele-encephalocele in this herd was under genetic influence. However, additional studies are needed to clarify the mode of inheritance and, perhaps, to identify other factors that might be involved.  相似文献   

Antagonistic rhizoplane bacteria induce diverse morphological alterations in Peronosporomycete hyphae during <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis> interaction     

Abhinandan?Deora  Yasuyuki?HashidokoEmail author  Md.?Tofazzal?Islam  Satoshi?Tahara 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,112(4):311-322

A total of 150 bacteria were isolated from rhizoplanes of the host and non-host plants of a phytopathogenic Peronosporomycete Aphanomyces cochlioides. Upon screening, 5% of the isolates were evaluated as antagonists as they inhibited radial growth of A. cochlioides AC-5 hyphae in a dual culture assay. In addition, those antagonistic bacteria also induced characteristic morphological alterations in the A. cochlioides AC-5 hyphae that grew towards bacterial colonies. Hyphal morphological alterations observed in AC-5 and other tested strains of Peronosporomycetes included excessive branching, curly growth, unusually longer and pointed tip formation and swelling; all of these were comparable to the alterations induced by known antimicrobial compounds. Among the antagonistic bacteria, Pseudomonas sp. strain EC-S101 induced a unique branching pattern (tree-like) in AC-5 hyphae by continuous apical bifurcation of successive hyphae, where increases in number of branches and hyphal area were linearly correlated with time up to 10 h. Our observations suggested that the pathogen might have lost its ability of normal branch production; however maintained the capability of self-branching. Soluble extracts from the culture fluids of Pseudomonas sp. strain EC-S101 and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia EC-S105 induced similar excessive branching and curly growth in A. cochlioides hyphae as the respective bacterium. These results revealed that bacterial metabolites appeared to be responsible for induction of morphological alterations. Interestingly, the antagonistic bacteria that induced hyphal morphological alterations, also efficiently suppressed in vivo damping-off disease caused by AC-5. We suggest that antagonistic rhizoplane bacteria have the capability to induce diverse morphological alterations in Peronosporomycetes hyphae during in vitro interactions. Hyphal morphological alterations associated with growth inhibition and the induction of characteristic morphological changes indicate antagonistic activity against the Peronosporomycete.  相似文献   

Comparing apparent electrical conductivity measurements on a paddy field under flooded and drained conditions     

Mohammad Monirul Islam  Eef Meerschman  Timothy Saey  Philippe De Smedt  Ellen Van De Vijver  Marc Van Meirvenne 《Precision Agriculture》2012,13(3):384-392

Every growing season, paddy fields are kept both flooded and drained for a significant period of time. As a consequence, these soils develop distinct physico-chemical characteristics. For practical reasons, these soils are mostly sampled under dry conditions, but the question arises how representative the results are for the wet growing conditions. Therefore, the apparent electrical conductivity (EC_a) of a 1.4 ha alluvial paddy field located in the Brahmaputra floodplain of Bangladesh was measured in both dry and wet conditions by a sensing system using the electromagnetic induction sensor EM38, which does not require physical contact with the soil, and compared both surveys. Due to the smooth water surface under wet conditions which ensured increased stability of the sensing platform, the results of the survey showed considerably reduced micro-scale variability of EC_a. Furthermore, the wet survey results more reliably furnished soil-related information mainly due to the absence of soil moisture dynamics. The differences between EC_a under wet and dry conditions were attributed to differences in soil texture, mainly the sand content variation having considerable effect on soil moisture differences when flooded following drainage. Accordingly, the largest differences between EC_a under wet and dry conditions were found in those parts of the field with a large sand content. Hence, the conclusion was that an EC_a survey on flooded fields has an added value to precision soil management.  相似文献   

Milk progesterone enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as a tool to investigate ovarian cyclicity of water buffaloes in relation to body condition score and milk production     

Turgish A Banu  Mohammed Shamsuddin  Jayonta Bhattacharjee  Mohammad F Islam  Saiful I Khan  Jalal U Ahmed 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2012,54(1):30

Background

Application of assisted reproductive technologies in buffaloes is limited to some extent by farmers’ inability to detect oestrus because of its poor expression. The present study aimed at investigating reliability of a milk progesterone enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assess the ovarian cyclicity during post partum, oestrus and post-breeding periods in water buffaloes.

Methods

Progesterone concentrations were measured by an ELISA in milk of 23 postpartum buffaloes in relation to oestrus, pregnancy, body condition score (BCS) and milk production. Two milk samples were taken at 10 days intervals, every month starting from day 30 and continued to day 150 post partum. BCS and milk production were recorded during sample collection. Milk samples from bred buffaloes were collected at Day 0 (day of breeding), Days 10–12 and Days 22–24. Defatted milk was preserved at −80°C until analysis. Pregnancy was confirmed by palpation per rectum on Days 70–90.

Results

Seventeen buffaloes had 47 ovulatory cycles, one to four in each, 13 were detected in oestrus once (28 % oestrus detection rate). Progesterone concentration ≥1 ng/ml in one of the two 10-day-interval milk samples reflected ovulation and corpus luteum formation. The intervals between calving to first luteal activity and to first detected oestrus varied from 41 to 123 days (n = 17) and 83 to 135 (n = 13) days, respectively. Eight buffaloes were bred in the course of the study and seven were found pregnant. These buffaloes had a progesterone profile of low (<1 ng/ml), high (≥ 1 ng/ml) and high (≥ 1 ng/ml) on Day 0, Days 10–12 and Days 22–24, respectively. Buffaloes cycling later in the postpartum period had fewer missed oestruses (P < 0.05). Buffaloes with a superior BCS had a shorter calving to oestrus interval and produced more milk (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Milk progesterone ELISA is a reliable tool for monitoring ovarian cyclicity and good BCS may be an indicator of resuming cyclicity in water buffalo.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary citric acid on the performance and mineral metabolism of broiler     

Islam KM  Schaeublin H  Wenk C  Wanner M  Liesegang A 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(5):808-817

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary citric acid (CA) on the performance and mineral metabolism of broiler chicks. A total of 1720 Ross PM3 broiler chicks (days old) were randomly assigned to four groups (430 in each) and reared for a period of 35 days. The diets of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were supplemented with 0%, 0.25%, 0.75% or 1.25% CA by weight respectively. Feed and faeces samples were collected weekly and analysed for acid insoluble ash, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg). The pH was measured in feed and faeces. At the age of 28 days, 10 birds from each group were slaughtered; tibiae were collected from each bird for the determination of bone mineral density, total ash, Ca, P, Mg and bone‐breaking strength, and blood was collected for the measurement of osteocalcin, serum CrossLaps^®, Ca, P, Mg and 1,25(OH)₂Vit‐D in serum. After finishing the trial on day 37, all chicks were slaughtered by using the approved procedure. Birds that were fed CA diets were heavier (average body weights of 2030, 2079 and 2086 g in the 0.25%, 0.75% and 1.25% CA groups, respectively, relative to the control birds (1986 g). Feed conversion efficiency (weight gain in g per kg of feed intake) was also higher in birds of the CA‐fed groups (582, 595 and 587 g/kg feed intake for 0.25%, 0.75% and 1.25% CA respectively), relative to the control birds (565 g/kg feed intake). The digestibility of Ca, P and Mg increased in the CA‐fed groups, especially for the diets supplemented with 0.25% and 0.75% CA. Support for finding was also indicated in the results of the analysis of the tibia. At slaughter, the birds had higher carcass weights and higher graded carcasses in the groups that were fed the CA diets. The estimated profit margin was highest for birds fed the diet containing 0.25% CA. Birds of the 0.75% CA group were found to have the second highest estimated profit margin. Addition of CA up to a level of 1.25% of the diet increased performance, feed conversion efficiency, carcass weight and carcass quality, but only in numerical terms. The addition of CA up to 0.75% significantly increased the digestibility of macro minerals, bone ash content, bone mineral density and bone strength of the broiler chicks. It may, therefore, be concluded that the addition of 0.75% CA in a standard diet is suitable for growth, carcass traits, macromineral digestibility and bone mineral density of broiler chicks.  相似文献   

Embryonic development and implantation related gene expression of oocyte reconstructed with bovine trophoblast cells     

Saadeldin IM  Choi W  Roibas DA Torre B  Kim B  Lee B  Jang G 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2012,58(4):425-431

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Effect of different egg yolk-based extenders on the quality of ovine cauda epididymal spermatozoa during storage at 4°C     

Lone FA  Islam R  Khan MZ  Sofi KA 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2012,47(2):257-262

Cauda epididymal spermatozoa were obtained from testicles collected from abattoir(s). The pooled sperm samples were divided into four aliquots. Each aliquot was washed separately with the buffer of respective extender and finally extended with the four extenders viz. egg yolk–citrate (EYC), egg yolk–citrate–fructose (EYCF), Tris–citric acid–egg yolk–fructose (TCEYF) and egg yolk–Mcillvaine glucose (EYMG) and preserved at 4°C. The per cent sperm motility for EYC, EYCF, TCEYF and EYMG at 0 h was 50.83%, 56.67%, 75.00% and 31.67%, respectively, and at 72 h was 24.17% (EYC), 30.83% (EYCF), 51.67% (TCEYF) and 7.50% (EYMG). The corresponding figures for live sperm count at 0 h was 83.17%, 86.33%, 90.42% and 81.75% and at 72 h was 64.75%, 73.92%, 76.00% and 57.67%. The corresponding figures for mean per cent intact acrosome at 0 h was 95.33%, 95.50%, 90.92% and 97.25% and at 72 h was 86.17%, 83.92%, 77.58% and 86.33%. The sperm motility was significantly (p < 0.05) higher for TCEYF at different h of preservation from 0 h through 72 h. The sperm motility, live sperm count and per cent intact acrosome declined significantly (p < 0.05) with the advancement of storage time in all the four extenders. Our study concluded that TCEYF was best out of the extenders studied for preservation of cauda epididymal spermatozoa after double centrifugation and extension at 4°C up to 72 h of preservation. However, EYCF also has better potential for the preservation of cauda epididymal spermatozoa as viability was in close proximity and acrosomal integrity was higher compared with TCEYF extender.  相似文献   

Effects of forest inventory errors on the area and spatial layout of harvest blocks     

Md. Nurul Islam  Timo Pukkala  Mikko Kurttila  Lauri Mehtätalo  Tero Heinonen 《European Journal of Forest Research》2012,131(6):1943-1955

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A Toll-like receptor 3 agonist (polyI:C) elicits innate host responses in the spleen and lungs of chickens     

Payvand Parvizi  Amirul Islam Mallick  Kamran Haq  Benjamin Schlegel  Shayan Sharif 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2012,76(3):230-234

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